Purpose: This study aims to systematically analyze the development of research on factors influencing employee performance in public sector organizations by identifying key determinants, theoretical perspectives, methodological approaches, empirical findings, research gaps, and future research directions.
Research Methodology: This study employed a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Literature searches were conducted using the Scopus database with the keywords Employee Performance Evaluation, Work Performance Assessment, and Public Employee Performance. From 431 identified articles, 16 articles published between 2021 and 2026 met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed using content analysis techniques to synthesize research characteristics, theories, methods, and findings.
Results: The findings indicate that employee performance has evolved from an individual productivity-oriented concept into a multidimensional construct influenced by leadership, organizational governance, human resource management practices, performance appraisal systems, organizational justice, service quality, innovation, digital transformation, and organizational collaboration. The reviewed studies employed diverse theoretical and methodological approaches, with no single dominant framework identified.
Conclusions: Employee performance in public sector organizations is shaped by the interaction between individual, organizational, technological, and service-oriented factors. An integrated approach is required to better understand and improve employee performance.
Limitations: This study is limited to selected Scopus-indexed articles that met predefined criteria and does not include primary empirical data from public sector organizations.
Contributions: This study contributes by providing a comprehensive knowledge map of employee performance research, identifying research gaps, and proposing directions for future theoretical, methodological, and empirical development.