Purpose: This review was conducted to synthesize current national and international scientific literature on the etiology, epizootiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, pathological changes, diagnostic approaches, and integrated prevention strategies for ornithobacteriosis, a bacterial respiratory disease of poultry caused by Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale, and to identify practical implications for commercial poultry production in transitional economies such as Uzbekistan.
Research methodology: A narrative literature review approach was applied, systematically searching peer reviewed veterinary and agricultural journals, institutional repositories, and conference proceedings published mainly between 2021 and 2026, supplemented by earlier foundational taxonomic sources where necessary for historical context.
Results: The disease predominantly affects the respiratory tract of chickens and turkeys, frequently occurs as part of a multifactorial respiratory complex, is associated with airsacculitis, pneumonia, and pleuritis, and causes substantial reductions in growth performance, feed efficiency, and egg production, with increasing reports of antimicrobial resistance among circulating isolates. Conclusions: Effective control requires integration of biosecurity, rational antimicrobial use, and serotype informed vaccination rather than reliance on any single intervention.
Limitations: The review relies on secondary published sources and regional prevalence data that may not generalize across all production systems.
Contributions: The article consolidates dispersed evidence into a regionally relevant framework that can guide veterinary practitioners and policymakers in Central Asian poultry industries.